Explicit Instruction: 15-20 minutes Teacher will write on the board/chart paper and hold classroom discussion. Properties describe matter. A block of wood, milk, and air all have properties. All the material on earth is in three states-solid, liquid, and gas. The “state” of the matter refers to the group of matter with the same properties. In other words, you group the objects together according to their properties. State is another property of manner.
A state is a form of matter. Solid, liquid, and gas are the three states of matter. State is a property that tells about an object’s shape and volume. Volume is the amount of space something takes up. Lets look at Picture 1: What can you tell me about this picture? (picture of a solid). Picture 2: What can you tell me about this picture? (picture of a liquid). Picture 3: What can you tell me about this picture? (picture of gas).
Create a top-down chart:
Solid: Has a set shape and a set volume. Example: Ice
Liquid: Has a set volume but takes the shape of its container. Example: Water
Gas: Has no set shape or volume; a gas spreads out to fill space: Example: Steam
Solids
The wood block is solid. A solid has a certain size and shape. The wood block does not change size or shape. Other examples of solids are the computer, the desk, and the floor.
You can change the shape of solids. You change the shape of sheets of lumber by sawing it in half or burning it.
From wood to smoke
How might you change the shape of a piece of gum?
Liquids
Milk is a liquid. Milk is liquid matter. It has a size or volume. Volume means it takes up space. But milk doesn’t have a definite shape. It takes the shape of its container.
Liquids can flow, be poured, and spilled. Did you ever spill juice? Did you notice how the liquid goes everywhere and you have to hurry and wipe it up? The liquid is taking the shape of the floor and the floor is expansive limitless boundary (until it hits the wall). You can’t spill a wooden block. You can drop it and it still has the same shape.
What about jello and peanut butter?
You can spread peanut butter on bread, but peanut butter does not flow. It is not a liquid at room temperature. You have to heat peanut butter up to make it a liquid. When you or your mom makes jello, it is first a liquid. You have to put it in the refrigerator so that it becomes a solid. These are yummy forms of matter with properties of a liquid and a solid.
Gases
Run in place very fast for a minute. Do you notice how hard you are breathing? What you are breathing is oxygen. You need oxygen to live. That’s why you can only hold your breath for a certain amount of time.
You can’t see oxygen. It’s invisible. It is a gas. A gas is matter that has no shape or size of its own. Gases have no color.
Gases are all around you. You can feel gas when the wind blows. The wind is moving air. Air is many gases mixed together.
Where else can you find gas? In the inside of a balloon.
Activity: The Magic Teapot: Ice turns to Steam. 10-15 minutes
Start with ice: Have the students identify as a solid. Have students describe the properties. Ask students explain why it is a solid.
Have a glass of water. Have the students identify as a liquid. Have students describe the properties. Have students explain why it is a liquid.
Put the ice cubes and water in the teapot. Plug the teapot in. Soon, the students will see steam. Have the students identify the steam as a gas. Have students describes the properties of gas.
Then show the class the inside of the teapot once it cools off. Have the students’ notice that the ice changed into a liquid.
Writing Activity: (5-10 minutes)
Have the students go back to their seats and write about where they think the ice went. It magic! It disappeared!! Where did it go? (In case they need another example: When ice in your soda melts where does it go? What does it become?)
After, explicitly ask students to write down the three different states of matter on an exit ticket. Ask the students to give one example of each. |